Microphone and Sound
The elements of Sound
Cycle
Frequency
Amplitude
The nature of Sound: Frequency
The nature of Sound Amplitude
Other Characteristics of Sound
Duration is a characteristic of sound.
Refer to the amount of time a sound exists and to the amount of time individual harmonies exist within a complex waveform.
Velocity and distance also play a role in the way we hear sound.
Velocity – how fast sound travels through different medium, can perceive echoes (the
immediate bounce back of sound), reverberation ( the continues bouncing of sound) in an enclosure with reflective wall.
A large room with reflective walls will cause reverberations to take longer to decay, or die out.
Distance also make different in how loud the sound is when it reaches us.
When the sound travels 2 times a specified distance, it arrives at one-quarter of its original intensity. This behavior is said to comply with the inverse square law.
Sound quality – timbre, how ears and mind perceive sound.
The way harmonics are combined and with the relative intensities of those harmonics.
Microphone : How it works
Dynamic/moving coil
Condenser
Ribbon
Microphones Polar Pattern
Omnidirectional
Cardioid
Hypercardioid
Bi-directional
Shotgun
Frequency Response of Mic
Range
shape
Physical types of mic
Hand-held microphone
Studio mounted
Headset microphones
lavalier microphone or lavalier (or lav or lapel mike) .
Shotgun
Contact microphone
Throat microphone
Physical types of mic
Parabolic microphone
Boundary microphones
Hanging microphones
Hidden Microphones
Mic selection and Use
5 factors that determine or affect the choice of mic use:
Type (hand-held, studio)
Pickup pattern (polar pattern)
Element (compression, rarefactions)
Frequency response (range, shape)
Personality (richeness)
Sound aesthetics
Five basic aesthetic factors:
Environment
Figure/ground principle
Perspective
Continuity
Energy
Music
Background music
Foreground music
